As Introduced

136th General Assembly

Regular Session H. B. No. 973

2025-2026

Representatives Pizzulli, Hall, T.

Cosponsors: Representatives Johnson, Lorenz, Williams, Salvo, Deeter, Ritter, Robb Blasdel, Brennan, Rader, Miller, J., Baker


To amend sections 307.203, 5589.20, 5589.22, 5589.23, 5589.24, and 5589.99; to amend, for the purpose of adopting new section numbers as indicated in parentheses, sections 5589.20 (5589.40), 5589.22 (5589.42), 5589.23 (5589.43), and 5589.24 (5589.44); to enact section 5589.41; and to repeal sections 5589.21 and 5589.211 of the Revised Code to create designated access routes across railroads for emergency vehicles.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF OHIO:

Section 1. That sections 307.203, 5589.20, 5589.22, 5589.23, 5589.24, and 5589.99 be amended; sections 5589.20 (5589.40), 5589.22 (5589.42), 5589.23 (5589.43), and 5589.24 (5589.44) be amended for the purpose of adopting new section numbers as indicated in parentheses; and section 5589.41 of the Revised Code be enacted to read as follows:

Sec. 307.203. A board of county commissioners may appropriate moneys from the general fund for any purposes for which moneys in the railroad grade crossing improvement fund of the county created pursuant to section 5589.24 5589.44 of the Revised Code may be used. After appropriation, such moneys may be transferred to that fund.

Sec. 5589.20 5589.40. The general assembly finds that the improper obstruction of railroad grade crossings by trains is a direct threat to the health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of this state and to the safety of railroad workers inasmuch as improper obstructions create uniquely different local safety problems or security hazards by preventing the timely movement of ambulances, the vehicles of law enforcement officers and firefighters, and official and unofficial vehicles transporting health care officials and professionals. It is the intent of the general assembly in amending and enacting sections 5589.21, 5589.24,5589.40 to 5589.44 and 5589.99 of the Revised Code that the health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of this state and the safety of railroad workers be enhanced through those amendmentswithout unreasonably burdening interstate commerce.

Sec. 5589.41. (A) As used in sections 5589.41 to 5589.44 of the Revised Code:

(1) "Designated access route" means any public street, road, or highway that is designated by the legislative authority of a political subdivision to ensure safe and timely movement of emergency service vehicles that are responding to an emergency.

(2) "Political subdivision" means a county, township, or municipal corporation.

(B) Every political subdivision, in consultation with the department of transportation and local emergency service providers, may establish designated access routes within the applicable boundaries of the political subdivision. A designated access route shall be located not less than seven thousand five hundred feet from another designated access route.

(C) Except as provided in division (D) of this section, no railroad company shall recklessly allow a stationary railroad car, locomotive, or any other equipment under the control of that railroad company to obstruct a designated access route.

(D) Division (C) of this section does not apply to the obstruction of a designated access route caused by any of the following:

(1) Circumstances beyond the control of the railroad company, including a mechanical failure or an emergency affecting railroad operations;

(2) Railroad cars, locomotives, or other equipment that are continuously moving;

(3) Railroad cars, locomotives, or other equipment that are engaged in normal switching operations for periods of not more than five minutes;

(4) Other applicable federal laws or regulations.

(E) A railroad company shall ensure that any stationary railroad car, locomotive, equipment, or other obstruction is moved so as to not obstruct the designated access route for at least three minutes after each five-minute period of obstruction to allow persons and vehicles to cross the railroad tracks and continue along the applicable public street, road, or highway.

(F) Upon the filing of an affidavit or complaint for a violation of this section, a summons shall be issued to the railroad company pursuant to division (B) of section 2935.10 of the Revised Code and be served on the regular ticket or freight agent of the company in the county where the offense occurred.

(G) If a railroad car, locomotive, or other equipment is obstructing a designated access route in violation of division (C) of this section and the violation crosses over into multiple political subdivisions, the officers or employees of the political subdivisions may only charge the railroad company with one violation of this section if it arises from the same facts, circumstances, and act on the part of the railroad company.

Sec. 5589.22 5589.42. A corporation or person railroad company shall be liable for all damages arising to a any person that arise from an obstruction or injury to a road or highway as provided by section 5589.21 of a designated access route under section 5589.41 of the Revised Code, which damage shall be recovered by an action at the suit of the board of township trustees of the township in which the offense is committed, or of any person suing therefor before a judge of a county court of common pleas or judge of a municipal court having jurisdiction where the offense is committed, or by indictment in the court of common pleas in the proper county. Each twenty-four hours the person or corporation, after being notified, permits such obstruction to remain, shall be an additional offense against such section.

Sec. 5589.23 5589.43. (A) A railroad company or other corporation, the servant, agent, or employee of which, in any manner, obstructs a public road or highwaydesignated access route, shall pay all penalties which may be assessed against such servant, agent, or employee for obstructing it. The penalties may be enforced by execution issued against such corporation on the judgment rendered against the servant, agent, or employee.

(B) A railroad company or other related defendant may respond to a criminal action for a violation of section 5589.41 of the Revised Code or a civil action for damages pursuant to section 5589.42 of the Revised Code by proving, with clear and convincing evidence, that the obstruction at issue was required either by operation of a federal law or regulation or by one of the other reasons specified in division (D) of section 5589.41 of the Revised Code.

Sec. 5589.24 5589.44. (A) All fines collected for a violation of division (A) of section 5589.21 or 5589.211 5589.41 of the Revised Code shall be paid as follows:

(1) To the railroad grade crossing improvement fund of the county if the violation occurred in an unincorporated area of the county;

(2) To the railroad grade crossing improvement fund of the municipal corporation in which the violation occurred if the violation occurred in a municipal corporation.

(B) The board of county commissioners of each county and the legislative authority of each municipal corporation shall establish a railroad grade crossing improvement fund. The fund shall consist of fines paid to the county or municipal corporation under division (A) of this section and any other moneys allocated to the fund by the county or municipal corporation. Except as otherwise provided in this division, a county or municipal corporation shall use its railroad grade crossing improvement fund to pay any part of the cost assigned by the public utilities commission to the county or municipal corporation under section 4907.471 of the Revised Code. The county or municipal corporation also may use its railroad grade crossing improvement fund for other improvements to railroad grade crossings, including signs, signals, gates, or other protective devices, as the board of county commissioners or legislative authority of a municipal corporation determines to be appropriate.

If, during any fiscal year, the fines a county collects for violations of division (A) of section 5589.21 and section 5589.211 5589.41 of the Revised Code equal three thousand dollars or less, during the subsequent fiscal year the county may use that amount of money in its railroad grade crossing improvement fund for any purpose that the board of county commissioners determines to be appropriate.

If, during any fiscal year, the fines a county collects for violations of division (A) of section 5589.21 and section 5589.211 5589.41 of the Revised Code exceed three thousand dollars, during the subsequent two fiscal years the county shall use all the money in its railroad grade crossing improvement fund only for those purposes described in this division. In such a case, the amount of money the county collects for violations of division (A) of section 5589.21 and section 5589.211 5589.41 of the Revised Code during the fiscal year immediately following the second of those two fiscal years shall determine the disposition under this division of the money the county collects during that fiscal year.

Sec. 5589.99. (A) Whoever violates section 5589.01 of the Revised Code is guilty of a misdemeanor of the third degree.

(B) Whoever violates section 5589.02, 5589.03, 5589.05, 5589.06, 5589.08, 5589.081, 5589.09, 5589.11, 5589.12, 5589.32, or 5589.33 of the Revised Code is guilty of a minor misdemeanor.

(C) Whoever violates section 5589.07 or 5589.10 of the Revised Code is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree.

(D) Whoever violates division (A) of section 5589.21 5589.41 of the Revised Code is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree and shall be fined one thousand dollars. Each day of violation constitutes a separate offense.

(E) Whoever violates section 5589.211 of the Revised Code is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree and shall be fined five thousand dollars.

Section 2. That existing sections 307.203, 5589.20, 5589.22, 5589.23, 5589.24, and 5589.99 of the Revised Code are hereby repealed.

Section 3. That sections 5589.21 and 5589.211 of the Revised Code are hereby repealed.