As Reported by the House Ways and Means Committee

132nd General Assembly

Regular Session Sub. S. B. No. 22

2017-2018

Senator Peterson

Cosponsors: Senators Beagle, Wilson, Balderson, Dolan, Eklund, Gardner, Hackett, Hite, Hoagland, Huffman, Jordan, LaRose, Manning, Obhof, Oelslager, Schiavoni, Tavares, Terhar, Thomas, Uecker Representatives Schaffer, Scherer, Rogers, Henne, Retherford

A BILL

To amend sections 3334.01, 3334.02, 3334.08, 3334.09, 3334.18, 3334.19, 3334.20, 5701.11, 5747.01, and 5747.70 of the Revised Code to expressly incorporate changes in the Internal Revenue Code since March 30, 2017, into Ohio law, to allow tax deductible contributions to Ohio 529 plans for K-12 education expenses, and to declare an emergency.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF OHIO:

Section 1. That sections 3334.01, 3334.02, 3334.08, 3334.09, 3334.18, 3334.19, 3334.20, 5701.11, 5747.01, and 5747.70 of the Revised Code be amended to read as follows:

Sec. 3334.01. As used in this chapter:

(A) "Aggregate original principal amount" means the aggregate of the initial offering prices to the public of college savings bonds, exclusive of accrued interest, if any. "Aggregate original principal amount" does not mean the aggregate accreted amount payable at maturity or redemption of such bonds.

(B) "Beneficiary" means:

(1) An individual designated by the purchaser under a tuition payment contract or through a scholarship program as the individual on whose behalf tuition units purchased under the contract or awarded through the scholarship program will be applied toward the payment of undergraduate, graduate, or professional tuition; or

(2) An individual designated by the contributor under a variable college savings program contract as the individual whose tuition and other higher education expenses will be paid from a variable college savings program account.

(C) "Capital appreciation bond" means a bond for which the following is true:

(1) The principal amount is less than the amount payable at maturity or early redemption; and

(2) No interest is payable on a current basis.

(D) "Tuition unit" means a credit of the Ohio tuition trust authority purchased under section 3334.09 of the Revised Code. "Tuition unit" includes a tuition credit purchased prior to July 1, 1994.

(E) "College savings bonds" means revenue and other obligations issued on behalf of the state or any agency or issuing authority thereof as a zero-coupon or capital appreciation bond, and designated as college savings bonds as provided in this chapter. "College savings bond issue" means any issue of bonds of which any part has been designated as college savings bonds.

(F) "Institution of higher education" means a state institution of higher education, a private college, university, or other postsecondary institution located in this state that possesses a certificate of authorization issued pursuant to Chapter 1713. of the Revised Code or a certificate of registration issued by the state board of career colleges and schools under Chapter 3332. of the Revised Code, or an accredited college, university, or other postsecondary institution located outside this state that is accredited by an accrediting organization or professional association recognized by the authority. To be considered an institution of higher education, an institution shall meet the definition of an eligible educational institution under section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(G) "Issuing authority" means any authority, commission, body, agency, or individual empowered by the Ohio Constitution or the Revised Code to issue bonds or any other debt obligation of the state or any agency or department thereof. "Issuer" means the issuing authority or, if so designated under division (B) of section 3334.04 of the Revised Code, the treasurer of state.

(H) "Tuition" means the charges imposed to attend an institution of higher education as an undergraduate, graduate, or professional student and all fees required as a condition of enrollment, as determined by the Ohio tuition trust authority. "Tuition" does not include laboratory fees, room and board, or other similar fees and charges.

(I) "Weighted average tuition" means the tuition cost resulting from the following calculation:

(1) Add the products of the annual undergraduate tuition charged to Ohio residents at each four-year state university multiplied by that institution's total number of undergraduate fiscal year equated students; and

(2) Divide the gross total of the products from division (I)(1) of this section by the total number of undergraduate fiscal year equated students attending four-year state universities.

When making this calculation, the "annual undergraduate tuition charged to Ohio residents" shall not incorporate any tuition reductions that vary in amount among individual recipients and that are awarded to Ohio residents based upon their particular circumstances, beyond any minimum amount awarded uniformly to all Ohio residents. In addition, any tuition reductions awarded uniformly to all Ohio residents shall be incorporated into this calculation.

(J) "Zero-coupon bond" means a bond which has a stated interest rate of zero per cent and on which no interest is payable until the maturity or early redemption of the bond, and is offered at a substantial discount from its original stated principal amount.

(K) "State institution of higher education" includes the state universities listed in section 3345.011 of the Revised Code, community colleges created pursuant to Chapter 3354. of the Revised Code, university branches created pursuant to Chapter 3355. of the Revised Code, technical colleges created pursuant to Chapter 3357. of the Revised Code, state community colleges created pursuant to Chapter 3358. of the Revised Code, and the northeast Ohio medical university.

(L) "Four-year state university" means those state universities listed in section 3345.011 of the Revised Code.

(M) "Principal amount" refers to the initial offering price to the public of an obligation, exclusive of the accrued interest, if any. "Principal amount" does not refer to the aggregate accreted amount payable at maturity or redemption of an obligation.

(N) "Scholarship program" means a program registered with the Ohio tuition trust authority pursuant to section 3334.17 of the Revised Code.

(O) "Internal Revenue Code" means the "Internal Revenue Code of 1986," 100 Stat. 2085, 26 U.S.C.A. 1 et seq., as amended.

(P) "Other higher Higher education expenses" means room and board and books, supplies, equipment, and nontuition-related fees associated with the cost of attendance of a beneficiary at an institution of higher education, but only to the extent that such expenses that meet the definition of "qualified higher education expenses" under section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code. "Other higher education expenses" does not include tuition as defined in division (H) of this section.

(Q) (P) "Purchaser" means the person signing the tuition payment contract, who controls the account and acquires tuition units for an account under the terms and conditions of the contract.

(R) (Q) "Contributor" means a person who signs a variable college savings program contract with the Ohio tuition trust authority and contributes to and owns the account created under the contract.

(S) (R) "Contribution" means any payment directly allocated to an account for the benefit of the designated beneficiary of the account.

Sec. 3334.02. (A) In order to help make higher education affordable and accessible to all citizens of Ohio, to maintain state institutions of higher education by helping to provide a stable financial base to these institutions, to provide the citizens of Ohio with financing assistance for higher education and protection against rising tuition costs, to encourage saving to enhance the ability of citizens of Ohio to obtain financial access to institutions of higher education, to encourage elementary and secondary students in this state to achieve academic excellence, and to promote a well-educated and financially secure population to the ultimate benefit of all citizens of the state of Ohio, there is hereby created the Ohio college savings program. The program shall consist of the issuance of college savings bonds and the sale of tuition units.

(B) The provisions of Chapter 1707. of the Revised Code shall not apply to tuition units or any agreement or transaction related thereto.

(C) To provide the citizens of Ohio with a choice of tax-advantaged college savings programs and the opportunity to participate in more than one type of college savings program at a time, the Ohio tuition trust authority shall establish and administer a variable college savings program as a qualified state tuition program under section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code. The program shall allow contributors to make cash contributions to variable college savings program accounts created for the purpose of paying future tuition and other higher education expenses and providing variable rates of return on contributions.

(D) A person may participate simultaneously in both the Ohio college savings program and the variable college savings program.

Sec. 3334.08. (A) Subject to division (B) of this section, in addition to any other powers conferred by this chapter, the Ohio tuition trust authority may do any of the following:

(1) Impose reasonable residency requirements for beneficiaries of tuition units;

(2) Impose reasonable limits on the number of tuition unit participants;

(3) Impose and collect administrative fees and charges in connection with any transaction under this chapter;

(4) Purchase insurance from insurers licensed to do business in this state providing for coverage against any loss in connection with the authority's property, assets, or activities or to further ensure the value of tuition units;

(5) Indemnify or purchase policies of insurance on behalf of members, officers, and employees of the authority from insurers licensed to do business in this state providing for coverage for any liability incurred in connection with any civil action, demand, or claim against a director, officer, or employee by reason of an act or omission by the director, officer, or employee that was not manifestly outside the scope of the employment or official duties of the director, officer, or employee or with malicious purpose, in bad faith, or in a wanton or reckless manner;

(6) Make, execute, and deliver contracts, conveyances, and other instruments necessary to the exercise and discharge of the powers and duties of the authority;

(7) Promote, advertise, and publicize the Ohio college savings program and the variable college savings program;

(8) Adopt rules under section 111.15 of the Revised Code for the implementation of the Ohio college savings program;

(9) Contract, for the provision of all or part of the services necessary for the management and operation of the Ohio college savings program and the variable college savings program, with a bank, trust company, savings and loan association, insurance company, or licensed dealer in securities if the bank, company, association, or dealer is authorized to do business in this state and information about the contract is filed with the controlling board pursuant to division (D)(6) of section 127.16 of the Revised Code; provided, however, that any funds of the Ohio college savings program and the variable college savings program that are not needed for immediate use shall be deposited by the treasurer of state in the same manner provided under Chapter 135. of the Revised Code for public moneys of the state. All interest earned on those deposits shall be credited to the Ohio college savings program or the variable college savings program, as applicable.

(10) Contract for other services, or for goods, needed by the authority in the conduct of its business, including but not limited to credit card services;

(11) Employ an executive director and other personnel as necessary to carry out its responsibilities under this chapter, and fix the compensation of these persons. All employees of the authority shall be in the unclassified civil service and shall be eligible for membership in the public employees retirement system. In the hiring of the executive director, the Ohio tuition trust authority shall obtain the advice and consent of the Ohio tuition trust investment board created in section 3334.03 of the Revised Code, provided that the executive director shall not be hired unless a majority of the board votes in favor of the hiring. In addition, the board may remove the executive director at any time subject to the advice and consent of the chancellor of higher education.

(12) Contract with financial consultants, actuaries, auditors, and other consultants as necessary to carry out its responsibilities under this chapter;

(13) Enter into agreements with any agency of the state or its political subdivisions or with private employers under which an employee may agree to have a designated amount deducted in each payroll period from the wages or salary due the employee for the purpose of purchasing tuition units pursuant to a tuition payment contract or making contributions pursuant to a variable college savings program contract;

(14) Enter into an agreement with the treasurer of state under which the treasurer of state will receive, and credit to the Ohio tuition trust fund or variable college savings program fund, from any bank or savings and loan association authorized to do business in this state, amounts that a depositor of the bank or association authorizes the bank or association to withdraw periodically from the depositor's account for the purpose of purchasing tuition units pursuant to a tuition payment contract or making contributions pursuant to a variable college savings program contract;

(15) Solicit and accept gifts, grants, and loans from any person or governmental agency and participate in any governmental program;

(16) Impose limits on the number of units which may be purchased on behalf of or assigned or awarded to any beneficiary and on the total amount of contributions that may be made on behalf of a beneficiary;

(17) Impose restrictions on the substitution of another individual for the original beneficiary under the Ohio college savings program;

(18) Impose a limit on the age of a beneficiary, above which tuition units may not be purchased on behalf of that beneficiary;

(19) Enter into a cooperative agreement with the treasurer of state to provide for the direct disbursement of payments under tuition payment or variable college savings program contracts;

(20) Determine the other higher education expenses for which tuition units or contributions may be used;

(21) Terminate any tuition payment or variable college savings program contract if no purchases or contributions are made for a period of three years or more and there are fewer than a total of five tuition units or less than a dollar amount set by rule on account, provided that notice of a possible termination shall be provided in advance, explaining any options to prevent termination, and a reasonable amount of time shall be provided within which to act to prevent a termination;

(22) (21) Maintain a separate account for each tuition payment or variable college savings program contract;

(23) (22) Perform all acts necessary and proper to carry out the duties and responsibilities of the authority pursuant to this chapter.

(B) The authority shall adopt rules under section 111.15 of the Revised Code for the implementation and administration of the variable college savings program. The rules shall provide taxpayers with the maximum tax advantages and flexibility consistent with section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code and regulations adopted thereunder with regard to disposition of contributions and earnings, designation of beneficiaries, and rollover of account assets to other programs.

(C) Except as otherwise specified in this chapter, the provisions of Chapters 123. and 4117. of the Revised Code shall not apply to the authority and Chapter 125. of the Revised Code shall not apply to contracts approved under the powers of the Ohio tuition trust authority investment board under section 3334.03 of the Revised Code.

Sec. 3334.09. (A) Except in the case of a scholarship program established in accordance with section 3334.17 of the Revised Code, the Ohio tuition trust authority may enter into a tuition payment contract with any person for the purchase of tuition units if either the purchaser or the beneficiary is a resident of this state at the time the contract is entered into. A tuition payment contract shall allow any person to purchase tuition units at the price determined by the authority pursuant to section 3334.07 or 3334.12 of the Revised Code for the year in which the tuition unit is purchased. The purchaser shall name in the payment contract one specific individual as the beneficiary for the tuition units.

In accordance with rules of the authority, units may be transferred to the credit of another beneficiary and a new beneficiary may be substituted for the beneficiary originally named in the contract.

(B) Each tuition unit shall entitle the beneficiary to an amount equal to one per cent of the weighted average tuition.

(C) Nothing in this chapter or in any tuition payment contract entered into pursuant to this chapter shall be construed as a guarantee by the state, the authority, or any institution of higher education that a beneficiary will be admitted to an institution of higher education, or, upon admission to an institution of higher education, will be permitted to continue to attend or will receive a degree from an institution of higher education. Nothing in this chapter or in any tuition payment contract entered into pursuant to this chapter shall be considered a guarantee that the beneficiary's cost of tuition at an institution of higher education other than a state institution of higher education will be covered in full by the proceeds of the beneficiary's tuition units.

(D) The following information shall be disclosed in writing to each purchaser of tuition units and, where appropriate, to each entity establishing a scholarship program under section 3334.17 of the Revised Code:

(1) The terms and conditions for the purchase and use of tuition units;

(2) In the case of a contract described by division (A) of this section, any restrictions on the substitution of another individual for the original beneficiary and any restrictions on the transfer of ownership of units in the payment account;

(3) The person or entity entitled to terminate the contract;

(4) The terms and conditions under which the contract may be terminated and the amount of the refund, if any, to which the person or entity terminating the contract, or that person's or entity's designee, is entitled upon termination;

(5) The obligation of the authority to make payments to a beneficiary, or an institution of higher education on behalf of a beneficiary, under division (B) of this section based upon the number of tuition units purchased on behalf of the beneficiary or awarded to the beneficiary pursuant to a scholarship program;

(6) The method by which tuition units shall be applied toward payment of tuition and other higher education expenses if in any academic term the beneficiary is a part-time student;

(7) The period of time during which a beneficiary may receive benefits under the contract;

(8) The terms and conditions under which money may be wholly or partially withdrawn from the program, including, but not limited to, any reasonable charges and fees that may be imposed for withdrawal;

(9) All other rights and obligations of the purchaser and the authority, including the provisions of division (A) of section 3334.12 of the Revised Code, and any other terms, conditions, and provisions the authority considers necessary and appropriate.

(E) A tuition payment contract may provide that the authority will pay directly to the institution of higher education in which a beneficiary is enrolled during a term the amount represented by the tuition units being used that term.

(F) A tuition payment contract described by division (A) of this section may provide that if the contract has not been terminated or units purchased under the contract have not been applied toward the payment of tuition or other higher education expenses within a specified period of time, the authority may, after making a reasonable effort to locate the purchaser of the tuition units, the beneficiary, and any person designated in the contract to act on behalf of the purchaser of the units or the beneficiary, terminate the contract and retain the amounts payable under the contract.

(G) If, at any time after tuition units are purchased on behalf of a beneficiary or awarded to a beneficiary or pursuant to a scholarship program, the beneficiary becomes a nonresident of this state, or, if the beneficiary was not a resident of this state at the time the tuition payment contract was entered into, the purchaser becomes a nonresident of this state, units purchased or awarded while the beneficiary was a resident may be applied on behalf of the beneficiary toward the payment of tuition at an institution of higher education and other higher education expenses in the manner specified in division (B) of this section, except that if the beneficiary enrolls in a state institution of higher education, the beneficiary shall be responsible for payment of all nonresident fees charged to out-of-state residents by the institution in which the beneficiary is enrolled.

Sec. 3334.18. (A) A variable college savings program established by the Ohio tuition trust authority shall include provisions for a contract to be entered into between a contributor and the authority that will authorize the contributor to open an account for a beneficiary and authorize the contributor to substitute a new beneficiary for one originally named in the contract, to the extent permitted by section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(B) The authority shall provide adequate safeguards to prevent total contributions to a variable college savings program account or purchases of tuition units, either separately or combined, that are made on behalf of a beneficiary from exceeding the amount necessary to provide for the tuition and other higher education expenses of the beneficiary, consistent with the maximum contributions permitted by section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code. However, in no event shall contributions or purchases exceed the allowable limit for a qualified tuition program under section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(C)(1) Participation in the variable college savings program does not guarantee that contributions and the investment return on contributions, if any, will be adequate to cover future tuition and other higher education expenses or that a beneficiary will be admitted to or permitted to continue to attend an institution of higher education.

(2) Returns on contributors' investments in the variable college savings program are not guaranteed by the state and the contributors to the variable college savings program assume all investment risk, including the potential loss of principal and liability for penalties such as those levied for noneducational withdrawals.

(3) The state shall have no debt or obligation to any contributor, beneficiary, or any other person as a result of the establishment of the program, and the state assumes no risk or liability for funds invested in the variable college savings program.

(4) Informational materials about the variable college savings program prepared by the authority or its agents and provided to prospective contributors shall state clearly the information set forth in division (C) of this section.

Sec. 3334.19. (A) The Ohio tuition trust authority shall adopt an investment plan that sets forth investment policies and guidelines to be utilized in administering the variable college savings program and investment options offered by the authority. The investment options shall include a default option to benefit contributors who are first-time investors or have low to moderate incomes. Except as provided in section 3334.20 of the Revised Code, the authority shall contract with one or more insurance companies, banks, or other financial institutions to act as its investment agents and to provide such services as the authority considers appropriate to the investment plan, including:

(1) Purchase, control, and safekeeping of assets;

(2) Record keeping and accounting for individual accounts and for the program as a whole;

(3) Provision of consolidated statements of account.

(B) The authority or its investment agents shall maintain a separate account for the beneficiary of each contract entered into under the variable college savings program. If a beneficiary has more than one such account, the authority or its agents shall track total contributions and earnings and provide a consolidated system of account distributions to public or nonpublic schools or institutions of higher education.

(C) The authority or its investment agents may place assets of the program in savings accounts and may purchase fixed or variable life insurance or annuity contracts, securities, evidence of indebtedness, or other investment products pursuant to the investment plan.

(D) Contributors shall not direct the investment of their contributions under the investment plan. The authority shall impose other limits on contributors' investment discretion to the extent required under section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(E) The investment agents with which the authority contracts shall discharge their duties with respect to program funds with the care and diligence that a prudent person familiar with such matters and with the character and aims of the program would use.

(F) The assets of the program shall be preserved, invested, and expended solely for the purposes of this chapter and shall not be loaned or otherwise transferred or used by the state for any other purpose. This section shall not be construed to prohibit the investment agents of the authority from investing, by purchase or otherwise, in bonds, notes, or other obligations of the state or any agency or instrumentality of the state. Unless otherwise specified by the authority, assets of the program shall be expended in the following order of priority:

(1) To make payments on behalf of beneficiaries;

(2) To make refunds upon termination of variable college savings program contracts;

(3) To pay the authority's costs of administering the program;

(4) To pay or cover any other expenditure or disbursement the authority determines necessary or appropriate.

(G) Fees, charges, and other costs imposed or collected by the authority in connection with the variable college savings program, including any fees or other payments that the authority requires an investment agent to pay to the authority, shall be credited to either the variable operating fund or the index operating fund at the discretion of the authority. These funds are hereby created in the state treasury. Expenses incurred in the administration of the variable college savings program, as well as other expenses, disbursements, or payments the authority considers appropriate for the benefit of any college savings programs administered by the authority, the state of Ohio and its citizens, shall be paid from the variable operating fund or the index operating fund at the discretion of the authority.

(H) No records of the authority indicating the identity of purchasers, contributors, and beneficiaries under the program or amounts contributed to, earned by, or distributed from program accounts are public records within the meaning of section 149.43 of the Revised Code.

Sec. 3334.20. (A) As used in this section, "state agency" means every department, bureau, board, commission, office, or other organized body established by the constitution or laws of this state for the exercise of state government.

(B) If a condition arises concerning the investment of funds received under the variable college savings program and requiring an interim period for investment of program funds, which condition is determined pursuant to division (D) of this section, the Ohio tuition trust authority shall choose the treasurer of state, a state agency having investment authority, or an investment agent under contract with the authority to invest program funds pursuant to the investment plan established under division (A) of section 3334.19 of the Revised Code. The treasurer of state, state agency, or investment agent chosen by the authority pursuant to this division shall be subject to the requirements and conditions that apply to investment agents specified in section 3334.19 of the Revised Code.

(C) The authority shall be the trustee of the program. During the interim period, the authority shall receive and hold all payments, deposits, and contributions, as well as gifts, bequests, endowments, and federal, state, or local grants and any funds from any other source, public or private, and all earnings, until disbursed to pay tuition or other higher education expenses or refunds pursuant to college savings plans contracts. The authority shall keep such funds segregated from all other assets of the authority.

(D) The authority shall adopt rules under section 111.15 of the Revised Code defining the conditions under which an interim investment period is required and this section applies. The rules shall include any condition requiring the termination of the interim period and the authority to contract with alternative investment agents pursuant to section 3334.19 of the Revised Code and any other requirements that apply during the interim investment period.

(E) When the interim period for investment of program funds terminates, the investment agents selected pursuant to section 3334.19 of the Revised Code for the investment of program funds shall have the sole authority to invest program funds pursuant to the investment plan established under division (A) of that section and shall be subject to that section.

Sec. 5701.11. The effective date to which this section refers is the effective date of this section as amended by H.B. 11 S.B. 22 of the 132nd general assembly.

(A)(1) Except as provided under division (A)(2) or (B) of this section, any reference in Title LVII of the Revised Code to the Internal Revenue Code, to the Internal Revenue Code "as amended," to other laws of the United States, or to other laws of the United States, "as amended," means the Internal Revenue Code or other laws of the United States as they exist on the effective date.

(2) This section does not apply to any reference in Title LVII of the Revised Code to the Internal Revenue Code as of a date certain specifying the day, month, and year, or to other laws of the United States as of a date certain specifying the day, month, and year.

(B)(1) For purposes of applying section 5733.04, 5745.01, or 5747.01 of the Revised Code to a taxpayer's taxable year ending after February 14, 2016March 30, 2017, and before the effective date, a taxpayer may irrevocably elect to incorporate the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code or other laws of the United States that are in effect for federal income tax purposes for that taxable year if those provisions differ from the provisions that, under division (A) of this section, would otherwise apply. The filing by the taxpayer for that taxable year of a report or return that incorporates the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code or other laws of the United States applicable for federal income tax purposes for that taxable year, and that does not include any adjustments to reverse the effects of any differences between those provisions and the provisions that would otherwise apply, constitutes the making of an irrevocable election under this division for that taxable year.

(2) Elections under prior versions of division (B)(1) of this section remain in effect for the taxable years to which they apply.

Sec. 5747.01. Except as otherwise expressly provided or clearly appearing from the context, any term used in this chapter that is not otherwise defined in this section has the same meaning as when used in a comparable context in the laws of the United States relating to federal income taxes or if not used in a comparable context in those laws, has the same meaning as in section 5733.40 of the Revised Code. Any reference in this chapter to the Internal Revenue Code includes other laws of the United States relating to federal income taxes.

As used in this chapter:

(A) "Adjusted gross income" or "Ohio adjusted gross income" means federal adjusted gross income, as defined and used in the Internal Revenue Code, adjusted as provided in this section:

(1) Add interest or dividends on obligations or securities of any state or of any political subdivision or authority of any state, other than this state and its subdivisions and authorities.

(2) Add interest or dividends on obligations of any authority, commission, instrumentality, territory, or possession of the United States to the extent that the interest or dividends are exempt from federal income taxes but not from state income taxes.

(3) Deduct interest or dividends on obligations of the United States and its territories and possessions or of any authority, commission, or instrumentality of the United States to the extent that the interest or dividends are included in federal adjusted gross income but exempt from state income taxes under the laws of the United States.

(4) Deduct disability and survivor's benefits to the extent included in federal adjusted gross income.

(5) Deduct benefits under Title II of the Social Security Act and tier 1 railroad retirement benefits to the extent included in federal adjusted gross income under section 86 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(6) In the case of a taxpayer who is a beneficiary of a trust that makes an accumulation distribution as defined in section 665 of the Internal Revenue Code, add, for the beneficiary's taxable years beginning before 2002, the portion, if any, of such distribution that does not exceed the undistributed net income of the trust for the three taxable years preceding the taxable year in which the distribution is made to the extent that the portion was not included in the trust's taxable income for any of the trust's taxable years beginning in 2002 or thereafter. "Undistributed net income of a trust" means the taxable income of the trust increased by (a)(i) the additions to adjusted gross income required under division (A) of this section and (ii) the personal exemptions allowed to the trust pursuant to section 642(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, and decreased by (b)(i) the deductions to adjusted gross income required under division (A) of this section, (ii) the amount of federal income taxes attributable to such income, and (iii) the amount of taxable income that has been included in the adjusted gross income of a beneficiary by reason of a prior accumulation distribution. Any undistributed net income included in the adjusted gross income of a beneficiary shall reduce the undistributed net income of the trust commencing with the earliest years of the accumulation period.

(7) Deduct the amount of wages and salaries, if any, not otherwise allowable as a deduction but that would have been allowable as a deduction in computing federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year, had the targeted jobs credit allowed and determined under sections 38, 51, and 52 of the Internal Revenue Code not been in effect.

(8) Deduct any interest or interest equivalent on public obligations and purchase obligations to the extent that the interest or interest equivalent is included in federal adjusted gross income.

(9) Add any loss or deduct any gain resulting from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of public obligations to the extent that the loss has been deducted or the gain has been included in computing federal adjusted gross income.

(10) Deduct or add amounts, as provided under section 5747.70 of the Revised Code, related to contributions to variable college savings program accounts made or tuition units purchased pursuant to Chapter 3334. of the Revised Code.

(11)(a) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise allowable as a deduction or exclusion in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, the amount the taxpayer paid during the taxable year for medical care insurance and qualified long-term care insurance for the taxpayer, the taxpayer's spouse, and dependents. No deduction for medical care insurance under division (A)(11) of this section shall be allowed either to any taxpayer who is eligible to participate in any subsidized health plan maintained by any employer of the taxpayer or of the taxpayer's spouse, or to any taxpayer who is entitled to, or on application would be entitled to, benefits under part A of Title XVIII of the "Social Security Act," 49 Stat. 620 (1935), 42 U.S.C. 301, as amended. For the purposes of division (A)(11)(a) of this section, "subsidized health plan" means a health plan for which the employer pays any portion of the plan's cost. The deduction allowed under division (A)(11)(a) of this section shall be the net of any related premium refunds, related premium reimbursements, or related insurance premium dividends received during the taxable year.

(b) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income during the taxable year, the amount the taxpayer paid during the taxable year, not compensated for by any insurance or otherwise, for medical care of the taxpayer, the taxpayer's spouse, and dependents, to the extent the expenses exceed seven and one-half per cent of the taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income.

(c) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income, any amount included in federal adjusted gross income under section 105 or not excluded under section 106 of the Internal Revenue Code solely because it relates to an accident and health plan for a person who otherwise would be a "qualifying relative" and thus a "dependent" under section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code but for the fact that the person fails to meet the income and support limitations under section 152(d)(1)(B) and (C) of the Internal Revenue Code.

(d) For purposes of division (A)(11) of this section, "medical care" has the meaning given in section 213 of the Internal Revenue Code, subject to the special rules, limitations, and exclusions set forth therein, and "qualified long-term care" has the same meaning given in section 7702B(c) of the Internal Revenue Code. Solely for purposes of divisions (A)(11)(a) and (c) of this section, "dependent" includes a person who otherwise would be a "qualifying relative" and thus a "dependent" under section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code but for the fact that the person fails to meet the income and support limitations under section 152(d)(1)(B) and (C) of the Internal Revenue Code.

(12)(a) Deduct any amount included in federal adjusted gross income solely because the amount represents a reimbursement or refund of expenses that in any year the taxpayer had deducted as an itemized deduction pursuant to section 63 of the Internal Revenue Code and applicable United States department of the treasury regulations. The deduction otherwise allowed under division (A)(12)(a) of this section shall be reduced to the extent the reimbursement is attributable to an amount the taxpayer deducted under this section in any taxable year.

(b) Add any amount not otherwise included in Ohio adjusted gross income for any taxable year to the extent that the amount is attributable to the recovery during the taxable year of any amount deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income in any taxable year.

(13) Deduct any portion of the deduction described in section 1341(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, for repaying previously reported income received under a claim of right, that meets both of the following requirements:

(a) It is allowable for repayment of an item that was included in the taxpayer's adjusted gross income for a prior taxable year and did not qualify for a credit under division (A) or (B) of section 5747.05 of the Revised Code for that year;

(b) It does not otherwise reduce the taxpayer's adjusted gross income for the current or any other taxable year.

(14) Deduct an amount equal to the deposits made to, and net investment earnings of, a medical savings account during the taxable year, in accordance with section 3924.66 of the Revised Code. The deduction allowed by division (A)(14) of this section does not apply to medical savings account deposits and earnings otherwise deducted or excluded for the current or any other taxable year from the taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income.

(15)(a) Add an amount equal to the funds withdrawn from a medical savings account during the taxable year, and the net investment earnings on those funds, when the funds withdrawn were used for any purpose other than to reimburse an account holder for, or to pay, eligible medical expenses, in accordance with section 3924.66 of the Revised Code;

(b) Add the amounts distributed from a medical savings account under division (A)(2) of section 3924.68 of the Revised Code during the taxable year.

(16) Add any amount claimed as a credit under section 5747.059 or 5747.65 of the Revised Code to the extent that such amount satisfies either of the following:

(a) The amount was deducted or excluded from the computation of the taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income as required to be reported for the taxpayer's taxable year under the Internal Revenue Code;

(b) The amount resulted in a reduction of the taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income as required to be reported for any of the taxpayer's taxable years under the Internal Revenue Code.

(17) Deduct the amount contributed by the taxpayer to an individual development account program established by a county department of job and family services pursuant to sections 329.11 to 329.14 of the Revised Code for the purpose of matching funds deposited by program participants. On request of the tax commissioner, the taxpayer shall provide any information that, in the tax commissioner's opinion, is necessary to establish the amount deducted under division (A)(17) of this section.

(18) Beginning in taxable year 2001 but not for any taxable year beginning after December 31, 2005, if the taxpayer is married and files a joint return and the combined federal adjusted gross income of the taxpayer and the taxpayer's spouse for the taxable year does not exceed one hundred thousand dollars, or if the taxpayer is single and has a federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year not exceeding fifty thousand dollars, deduct amounts paid during the taxable year for qualified tuition and fees paid to an eligible institution for the taxpayer, the taxpayer's spouse, or any dependent of the taxpayer, who is a resident of this state and is enrolled in or attending a program that culminates in a degree or diploma at an eligible institution. The deduction may be claimed only to the extent that qualified tuition and fees are not otherwise deducted or excluded for any taxable year from federal or Ohio adjusted gross income. The deduction may not be claimed for educational expenses for which the taxpayer claims a credit under section 5747.27 of the Revised Code.

(19) Add any reimbursement received during the taxable year of any amount the taxpayer deducted under division (A)(18) of this section in any previous taxable year to the extent the amount is not otherwise included in Ohio adjusted gross income.

(20)(a)(i) Subject to divisions (A)(20)(a)(iii), (iv), and (v) of this section, add five-sixths of the amount of depreciation expense allowed by subsection (k) of section 168 of the Internal Revenue Code, including the taxpayer's proportionate or distributive share of the amount of depreciation expense allowed by that subsection to a pass-through entity in which the taxpayer has a direct or indirect ownership interest.

(ii) Subject to divisions (A)(20)(a)(iii), (iv), and (v) of this section, add five-sixths of the amount of qualifying section 179 depreciation expense, including the taxpayer's proportionate or distributive share of the amount of qualifying section 179 depreciation expense allowed to any pass-through entity in which the taxpayer has a direct or indirect ownership interest.

(iii) Subject to division (A)(20)(a)(v) of this section, for taxable years beginning in 2012 or thereafter, if the increase in income taxes withheld by the taxpayer is equal to or greater than ten per cent of income taxes withheld by the taxpayer during the taxpayer's immediately preceding taxable year, "two-thirds" shall be substituted for "five-sixths" for the purpose of divisions (A)(20)(a)(i) and (ii) of this section.

(iv) Subject to division (A)(20)(a)(v) of this section, for taxable years beginning in 2012 or thereafter, a taxpayer is not required to add an amount under division (A)(20) of this section if the increase in income taxes withheld by the taxpayer and by any pass-through entity in which the taxpayer has a direct or indirect ownership interest is equal to or greater than the sum of (I) the amount of qualifying section 179 depreciation expense and (II) the amount of depreciation expense allowed to the taxpayer by subsection (k) of section 168 of the Internal Revenue Code, and including the taxpayer's proportionate or distributive shares of such amounts allowed to any such pass-through entities.

(v) If a taxpayer directly or indirectly incurs a net operating loss for the taxable year for federal income tax purposes, to the extent such loss resulted from depreciation expense allowed by subsection (k) of section 168 of the Internal Revenue Code and by qualifying section 179 depreciation expense, "the entire" shall be substituted for "five-sixths of the" for the purpose of divisions (A)(20)(a)(i) and (ii) of this section.

The tax commissioner, under procedures established by the commissioner, may waive the add-backs related to a pass-through entity if the taxpayer owns, directly or indirectly, less than five per cent of the pass-through entity.

(b) Nothing in division (A)(20) of this section shall be construed to adjust or modify the adjusted basis of any asset.

(c) To the extent the add-back required under division (A)(20)(a) of this section is attributable to property generating nonbusiness income or loss allocated under section 5747.20 of the Revised Code, the add-back shall be sitused to the same location as the nonbusiness income or loss generated by the property for the purpose of determining the credit under division (A) of section 5747.05 of the Revised Code. Otherwise, the add-back shall be apportioned, subject to one or more of the four alternative methods of apportionment enumerated in section 5747.21 of the Revised Code.

(d) For the purposes of division (A)(20)(a)(v) of this section, net operating loss carryback and carryforward shall not include the allowance of any net operating loss deduction carryback or carryforward to the taxable year to the extent such loss resulted from depreciation allowed by section 168(k) of the Internal Revenue Code and by the qualifying section 179 depreciation expense amount.

(e) For the purposes of divisions (A)(20) and (21) of this section:

(i) "Income taxes withheld" means the total amount withheld and remitted under sections 5747.06 and 5747.07 of the Revised Code by an employer during the employer's taxable year.

(ii) "Increase in income taxes withheld" means the amount by which the amount of income taxes withheld by an employer during the employer's current taxable year exceeds the amount of income taxes withheld by that employer during the employer's immediately preceding taxable year.

(iii) "Qualifying section 179 depreciation expense" means the difference between (I) the amount of depreciation expense directly or indirectly allowed to a taxpayer under section 179 of the Internal Revised Code, and (II) the amount of depreciation expense directly or indirectly allowed to the taxpayer under section 179 of the Internal Revenue Code as that section existed on December 31, 2002.

(21)(a) If the taxpayer was required to add an amount under division (A)(20)(a) of this section for a taxable year, deduct one of the following:

(i) One-fifth of the amount so added for each of the five succeeding taxable years if the amount so added was five-sixths of qualifying section 179 depreciation expense or depreciation expense allowed by subsection (k) of section 168 of the Internal Revenue Code;

(ii) One-half of the amount so added for each of the two succeeding taxable years if the amount so added was two-thirds of such depreciation expense;

(iii) One-sixth of the amount so added for each of the six succeeding taxable years if the entire amount of such depreciation expense was so added.

(b) If the amount deducted under division (A)(21)(a) of this section is attributable to an add-back allocated under division (A)(20)(c) of this section, the amount deducted shall be sitused to the same location. Otherwise, the add-back shall be apportioned using the apportionment factors for the taxable year in which the deduction is taken, subject to one or more of the four alternative methods of apportionment enumerated in section 5747.21 of the Revised Code.

(c) No deduction is available under division (A)(21)(a) of this section with regard to any depreciation allowed by section 168(k) of the Internal Revenue Code and by the qualifying section 179 depreciation expense amount to the extent that such depreciation results in or increases a federal net operating loss carryback or carryforward. If no such deduction is available for a taxable year, the taxpayer may carry forward the amount not deducted in such taxable year to the next taxable year and add that amount to any deduction otherwise available under division (A)(21)(a) of this section for that next taxable year. The carryforward of amounts not so deducted shall continue until the entire addition required by division (A)(20)(a) of this section has been deducted.

(d) No refund shall be allowed as a result of adjustments made by division (A)(21) of this section.

(22) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, the amount the taxpayer received during the taxable year as reimbursement for life insurance premiums under section 5919.31 of the Revised Code.

(23) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, the amount the taxpayer received during the taxable year as a death benefit paid by the adjutant general under section 5919.33 of the Revised Code.

(24) Deduct, to the extent included in federal adjusted gross income and not otherwise allowable as a deduction or exclusion in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, military pay and allowances received by the taxpayer during the taxable year for active duty service in the United States army, air force, navy, marine corps, or coast guard or reserve components thereof or the national guard. The deduction may not be claimed for military pay and allowances received by the taxpayer while the taxpayer is stationed in this state.

(25) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise allowable as a deduction or exclusion in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year and not otherwise compensated for by any other source, the amount of qualified organ donation expenses incurred by the taxpayer during the taxable year, not to exceed ten thousand dollars. A taxpayer may deduct qualified organ donation expenses only once for all taxable years beginning with taxable years beginning in 2007.

For the purposes of division (A)(25) of this section:

(a) "Human organ" means all or any portion of a human liver, pancreas, kidney, intestine, or lung, and any portion of human bone marrow.

(b) "Qualified organ donation expenses" means travel expenses, lodging expenses, and wages and salary forgone by a taxpayer in connection with the taxpayer's donation, while living, of one or more of the taxpayer's human organs to another human being.

(26) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, amounts received by the taxpayer as retired personnel pay for service in the uniformed services or reserve components thereof, or the national guard, or received by the surviving spouse or former spouse of such a taxpayer under the survivor benefit plan on account of such a taxpayer's death. If the taxpayer receives income on account of retirement paid under the federal civil service retirement system or federal employees retirement system, or under any successor retirement program enacted by the congress of the United States that is established and maintained for retired employees of the United States government, and such retirement income is based, in whole or in part, on credit for the taxpayer's uniformed service, the deduction allowed under this division shall include only that portion of such retirement income that is attributable to the taxpayer's uniformed service, to the extent that portion of such retirement income is otherwise included in federal adjusted gross income and is not otherwise deducted under this section. Any amount deducted under division (A)(26) of this section is not included in a taxpayer's adjusted gross income for the purposes of section 5747.055 of the Revised Code. No amount may be deducted under division (A)(26) of this section on the basis of which a credit was claimed under section 5747.055 of the Revised Code.

(27) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, the amount the taxpayer received during the taxable year from the military injury relief fund created in section 5902.05 of the Revised Code.

(28) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, the amount the taxpayer received as a veterans bonus during the taxable year from the Ohio department of veterans services as authorized by Section 2r of Article VIII, Ohio Constitution.

(29) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, any income derived from a transfer agreement or from the enterprise transferred under that agreement under section 4313.02 of the Revised Code.

(30) Deduct, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, Ohio college opportunity or federal Pell grant amounts received by the taxpayer or the taxpayer's spouse or dependent pursuant to section 3333.122 of the Revised Code or 20 U.S.C. 1070a, et seq., and used to pay room or board furnished by the educational institution for which the grant was awarded at the institution's facilities, including meal plans administered by the institution. For the purposes of this division, receipt of a grant includes the distribution of a grant directly to an educational institution and the crediting of the grant to the enrollee's account with the institution.

(31)(a) For taxable years beginning in 2015, deduct from the portion of an individual's adjusted gross income that is business income, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio adjusted gross income for the taxable year, the lesser of the following amounts:

(i) Seventy-five per cent of the individual's business income;

(ii) Ninety-three thousand seven hundred fifty dollars for each spouse if spouses file separate returns under section 5747.08 of the Revised Code or one hundred eighty-seven thousand five hundred dollars for all other individuals.

(b) For taxable years beginning in 2016 or thereafter, deduct from the portion of an individual's adjusted gross income that is business income, to the extent not otherwise deducted or excluded in computing federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year, one hundred twenty-five thousand dollars for each spouse if spouses file separate returns under section 5747.08 of the Revised Code or two hundred fifty thousand dollars for all other individuals.

(32) Deduct, as provided under section 5747.78 of the Revised Code, contributions to ABLE savings accounts made in accordance with sections 113.50 to 113.56 of the Revised Code.

(B) "Business income" means income, including gain or loss, arising from transactions, activities, and sources in the regular course of a trade or business and includes income, gain, or loss from real property, tangible property, and intangible property if the acquisition, rental, management, and disposition of the property constitute integral parts of the regular course of a trade or business operation. "Business income" includes income, including gain or loss, from a partial or complete liquidation of a business, including, but not limited to, gain or loss from the sale or other disposition of goodwill.

(C) "Nonbusiness income" means all income other than business income and may include, but is not limited to, compensation, rents and royalties from real or tangible personal property, capital gains, interest, dividends and distributions, patent or copyright royalties, or lottery winnings, prizes, and awards.

(D) "Compensation" means any form of remuneration paid to an employee for personal services.

(E) "Fiduciary" means a guardian, trustee, executor, administrator, receiver, conservator, or any other person acting in any fiduciary capacity for any individual, trust, or estate.

(F) "Fiscal year" means an accounting period of twelve months ending on the last day of any month other than December.

(G) "Individual" means any natural person.

(H) "Internal Revenue Code" means the "Internal Revenue Code of 1986," 100 Stat. 2085, 26 U.S.C.A. 1, as amended.

(I) "Resident" means any of the following, provided that division (I)(3) of this section applies only to taxable years of a trust beginning in 2002 or thereafter:

(1) An individual who is domiciled in this state, subject to section 5747.24 of the Revised Code;

(2) The estate of a decedent who at the time of death was domiciled in this state. The domicile tests of section 5747.24 of the Revised Code are not controlling for purposes of division (I)(2) of this section.

(3) A trust that, in whole or part, resides in this state. If only part of a trust resides in this state, the trust is a resident only with respect to that part.

For the purposes of division (I)(3) of this section:

(a) A trust resides in this state for the trust's current taxable year to the extent, as described in division (I)(3)(d) of this section, that the trust consists directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, of assets, net of any related liabilities, that were transferred, or caused to be transferred, directly or indirectly, to the trust by any of the following:

(i) A person, a court, or a governmental entity or instrumentality on account of the death of a decedent, but only if the trust is described in division (I)(3)(e)(i) or (ii) of this section;

(ii) A person who was domiciled in this state for the purposes of this chapter when the person directly or indirectly transferred assets to an irrevocable trust, but only if at least one of the trust's qualifying beneficiaries is domiciled in this state for the purposes of this chapter during all or some portion of the trust's current taxable year;

(iii) A person who was domiciled in this state for the purposes of this chapter when the trust document or instrument or part of the trust document or instrument became irrevocable, but only if at least one of the trust's qualifying beneficiaries is a resident domiciled in this state for the purposes of this chapter during all or some portion of the trust's current taxable year. If a trust document or instrument became irrevocable upon the death of a person who at the time of death was domiciled in this state for purposes of this chapter, that person is a person described in division (I)(3)(a)(iii) of this section.

(b) A trust is irrevocable to the extent that the transferor is not considered to be the owner of the net assets of the trust under sections 671 to 678 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(c) With respect to a trust other than a charitable lead trust, "qualifying beneficiary" has the same meaning as "potential current beneficiary" as defined in section 1361(e)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, and with respect to a charitable lead trust "qualifying beneficiary" is any current, future, or contingent beneficiary, but with respect to any trust "qualifying beneficiary" excludes a person or a governmental entity or instrumentality to any of which a contribution would qualify for the charitable deduction under section 170 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(d) For the purposes of division (I)(3)(a) of this section, the extent to which a trust consists directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, of assets, net of any related liabilities, that were transferred directly or indirectly, in whole or part, to the trust by any of the sources enumerated in that division shall be ascertained by multiplying the fair market value of the trust's assets, net of related liabilities, by the qualifying ratio, which shall be computed as follows:

(i) The first time the trust receives assets, the numerator of the qualifying ratio is the fair market value of those assets at that time, net of any related liabilities, from sources enumerated in division (I)(3)(a) of this section. The denominator of the qualifying ratio is the fair market value of all the trust's assets at that time, net of any related liabilities.

(ii) Each subsequent time the trust receives assets, a revised qualifying ratio shall be computed. The numerator of the revised qualifying ratio is the sum of (1) the fair market value of the trust's assets immediately prior to the subsequent transfer, net of any related liabilities, multiplied by the qualifying ratio last computed without regard to the subsequent transfer, and (2) the fair market value of the subsequently transferred assets at the time transferred, net of any related liabilities, from sources enumerated in division (I)(3)(a) of this section. The denominator of the revised qualifying ratio is the fair market value of all the trust's assets immediately after the subsequent transfer, net of any related liabilities.

(iii) Whether a transfer to the trust is by or from any of the sources enumerated in division (I)(3)(a) of this section shall be ascertained without regard to the domicile of the trust's beneficiaries.

(e) For the purposes of division (I)(3)(a)(i) of this section:

(i) A trust is described in division (I)(3)(e)(i) of this section if the trust is a testamentary trust and the testator of that testamentary trust was domiciled in this state at the time of the testator's death for purposes of the taxes levied under Chapter 5731. of the Revised Code.

(ii) A trust is described in division (I)(3)(e)(ii) of this section if the transfer is a qualifying transfer described in any of divisions (I)(3)(f)(i) to (vi) of this section, the trust is an irrevocable inter vivos trust, and at least one of the trust's qualifying beneficiaries is domiciled in this state for purposes of this chapter during all or some portion of the trust's current taxable year.

(f) For the purposes of division (I)(3)(e)(ii) of this section, a "qualifying transfer" is a transfer of assets, net of any related liabilities, directly or indirectly to a trust, if the transfer is described in any of the following:

(i) The transfer is made to a trust, created by the decedent before the decedent's death and while the decedent was domiciled in this state for the purposes of this chapter, and, prior to the death of the decedent, the trust became irrevocable while the decedent was domiciled in this state for the purposes of this chapter.

(ii) The transfer is made to a trust to which the decedent, prior to the decedent's death, had directly or indirectly transferred assets, net of any related liabilities, while the decedent was domiciled in this state for the purposes of this chapter, and prior to the death of the decedent the trust became irrevocable while the decedent was domiciled in this state for the purposes of this chapter.

(iii) The transfer is made on account of a contractual relationship existing directly or indirectly between the transferor and either the decedent or the estate of the decedent at any time prior to the date of the decedent's death, and the decedent was domiciled in this state at the time of death for purposes of the taxes levied under Chapter 5731. of the Revised Code.

(iv) The transfer is made to a trust on account of a contractual relationship existing directly or indirectly between the transferor and another person who at the time of the decedent's death was domiciled in this state for purposes of this chapter.

(v) The transfer is made to a trust on account of the will of a testator who was domiciled in this state at the time of the testator's death for purposes of the taxes levied under Chapter 5731. of the Revised Code.

(vi) The transfer is made to a trust created by or caused to be created by a court, and the trust was directly or indirectly created in connection with or as a result of the death of an individual who, for purposes of the taxes levied under Chapter 5731. of the Revised Code, was domiciled in this state at the time of the individual's death.

(g) The tax commissioner may adopt rules to ascertain the part of a trust residing in this state.

(J) "Nonresident" means an individual or estate that is not a resident. An individual who is a resident for only part of a taxable year is a nonresident for the remainder of that taxable year.

(K) "Pass-through entity" has the same meaning as in section 5733.04 of the Revised Code.

(L) "Return" means the notifications and reports required to be filed pursuant to this chapter for the purpose of reporting the tax due and includes declarations of estimated tax when so required.

(M) "Taxable year" means the calendar year or the taxpayer's fiscal year ending during the calendar year, or fractional part thereof, upon which the adjusted gross income is calculated pursuant to this chapter.

(N) "Taxpayer" means any person subject to the tax imposed by section 5747.02 of the Revised Code or any pass-through entity that makes the election under division (D) of section 5747.08 of the Revised Code.

(O) "Dependents" means one of the following:

(1) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2018, and before January 1, 2026, dependents as defined in the Internal Revenue Code;

(2) For all other taxable years, dependents as defined in the Internal Revenue Code and as claimed in the taxpayer's federal income tax return for the taxable year or which the taxpayer would have been permitted to claim had the taxpayer filed a federal income tax return.

(P) "Principal county of employment" means, in the case of a nonresident, the county within the state in which a taxpayer performs services for an employer or, if those services are performed in more than one county, the county in which the major portion of the services are performed.

(Q) As used in sections 5747.50 to 5747.55 of the Revised Code:

(1) "Subdivision" means any county, municipal corporation, park district, or township.

(2) "Essential local government purposes" includes all functions that any subdivision is required by general law to exercise, including like functions that are exercised under a charter adopted pursuant to the Ohio Constitution.

(R) "Overpayment" means any amount already paid that exceeds the figure determined to be the correct amount of the tax.

(S) "Taxable income" or "Ohio taxable income" applies only to estates and trusts, and means federal taxable income, as defined and used in the Internal Revenue Code, adjusted as follows:

(1) Add interest or dividends, net of ordinary, necessary, and reasonable expenses not deducted in computing federal taxable income, on obligations or securities of any state or of any political subdivision or authority of any state, other than this state and its subdivisions and authorities, but only to the extent that such net amount is not otherwise includible in Ohio taxable income and is described in either division (S)(1)(a) or (b) of this section:

(a) The net amount is not attributable to the S portion of an electing small business trust and has not been distributed to beneficiaries for the taxable year;

(b) The net amount is attributable to the S portion of an electing small business trust for the taxable year.

(2) Add interest or dividends, net of ordinary, necessary, and reasonable expenses not deducted in computing federal taxable income, on obligations of any authority, commission, instrumentality, territory, or possession of the United States to the extent that the interest or dividends are exempt from federal income taxes but not from state income taxes, but only to the extent that such net amount is not otherwise includible in Ohio taxable income and is described in either division (S)(1)(a) or (b) of this section;

(3) Add the amount of personal exemption allowed to the estate pursuant to section 642(b) of the Internal Revenue Code;

(4) Deduct interest or dividends, net of related expenses deducted in computing federal taxable income, on obligations of the United States and its territories and possessions or of any authority, commission, or instrumentality of the United States to the extent that the interest or dividends are exempt from state taxes under the laws of the United States, but only to the extent that such amount is included in federal taxable income and is described in either division (S)(1)(a) or (b) of this section;

(5) Deduct the amount of wages and salaries, if any, not otherwise allowable as a deduction but that would have been allowable as a deduction in computing federal taxable income for the taxable year, had the targeted jobs credit allowed under sections 38, 51, and 52 of the Internal Revenue Code not been in effect, but only to the extent such amount relates either to income included in federal taxable income for the taxable year or to income of the S portion of an electing small business trust for the taxable year;

(6) Deduct any interest or interest equivalent, net of related expenses deducted in computing federal taxable income, on public obligations and purchase obligations, but only to the extent that such net amount relates either to income included in federal taxable income for the taxable year or to income of the S portion of an electing small business trust for the taxable year;

(7) Add any loss or deduct any gain resulting from sale, exchange, or other disposition of public obligations to the extent that such loss has been deducted or such gain has been included in computing either federal taxable income or income of the S portion of an electing small business trust for the taxable year;

(8) Except in the case of the final return of an estate, add any amount deducted by the taxpayer on both its Ohio estate tax return pursuant to section 5731.14 of the Revised Code, and on its federal income tax return in determining federal taxable income;

(9)(a) Deduct any amount included in federal taxable income solely because the amount represents a reimbursement or refund of expenses that in a previous year the decedent had deducted as an itemized deduction pursuant to section 63 of the Internal Revenue Code and applicable treasury regulations. The deduction otherwise allowed under division (S)(9)(a) of this section shall be reduced to the extent the reimbursement is attributable to an amount the taxpayer or decedent deducted under this section in any taxable year.

(b) Add any amount not otherwise included in Ohio taxable income for any taxable year to the extent that the amount is attributable to the recovery during the taxable year of any amount deducted or excluded in computing federal or Ohio taxable income in any taxable year, but only to the extent such amount has not been distributed to beneficiaries for the taxable year.

(10) Deduct any portion of the deduction described in section 1341(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, for repaying previously reported income received under a claim of right, that meets both of the following requirements:

(a) It is allowable for repayment of an item that was included in the taxpayer's taxable income or the decedent's adjusted gross income for a prior taxable year and did not qualify for a credit under division (A) or (B) of section 5747.05 of the Revised Code for that year.

(b) It does not otherwise reduce the taxpayer's taxable income or the decedent's adjusted gross income for the current or any other taxable year.

(11) Add any amount claimed as a credit under section 5747.059 or 5747.65 of the Revised Code to the extent that the amount satisfies either of the following:

(a) The amount was deducted or excluded from the computation of the taxpayer's federal taxable income as required to be reported for the taxpayer's taxable year under the Internal Revenue Code;

(b) The amount resulted in a reduction in the taxpayer's federal taxable income as required to be reported for any of the taxpayer's taxable years under the Internal Revenue Code.

(12) Deduct any amount, net of related expenses deducted in computing federal taxable income, that a trust is required to report as farm income on its federal income tax return, but only if the assets of the trust include at least ten acres of land satisfying the definition of "land devoted exclusively to agricultural use" under section 5713.30 of the Revised Code, regardless of whether the land is valued for tax purposes as such land under sections 5713.30 to 5713.38 of the Revised Code. If the trust is a pass-through entity investor, section 5747.231 of the Revised Code applies in ascertaining if the trust is eligible to claim the deduction provided by division (S)(12) of this section in connection with the pass-through entity's farm income.

Except for farm income attributable to the S portion of an electing small business trust, the deduction provided by division (S)(12) of this section is allowed only to the extent that the trust has not distributed such farm income. Division (S)(12) of this section applies only to taxable years of a trust beginning in 2002 or thereafter.

(13) Add the net amount of income described in section 641(c) of the Internal Revenue Code to the extent that amount is not included in federal taxable income.

(14) Add or deduct the amount the taxpayer would be required to add or deduct under division (A)(20) or (21) of this section if the taxpayer's Ohio taxable income were computed in the same manner as an individual's Ohio adjusted gross income is computed under this section. In the case of a trust, division (S)(14) of this section applies only to any of the trust's taxable years beginning in 2002 or thereafter.

(T) "School district income" and "school district income tax" have the same meanings as in section 5748.01 of the Revised Code.

(U) As used in divisions (A)(8), (A)(9), (S)(6), and (S)(7) of this section, "public obligations," "purchase obligations," and "interest or interest equivalent" have the same meanings as in section 5709.76 of the Revised Code.

(V) "Limited liability company" means any limited liability company formed under Chapter 1705. of the Revised Code or under the laws of any other state.

(W) "Pass-through entity investor" means any person who, during any portion of a taxable year of a pass-through entity, is a partner, member, shareholder, or equity investor in that pass-through entity.

(X) "Banking day" has the same meaning as in section 1304.01 of the Revised Code.

(Y) "Month" means a calendar month.

(Z) "Quarter" means the first three months, the second three months, the third three months, or the last three months of the taxpayer's taxable year.

(AA)(1) "Eligible institution" means a state university or state institution of higher education as defined in section 3345.011 of the Revised Code, or a private, nonprofit college, university, or other post-secondary institution located in this state that possesses a certificate of authorization issued by the chancellor of higher education pursuant to Chapter 1713. of the Revised Code or a certificate of registration issued by the state board of career colleges and schools under Chapter 3332. of the Revised Code.

(2) "Qualified tuition and fees" means tuition and fees imposed by an eligible institution as a condition of enrollment or attendance, not exceeding two thousand five hundred dollars in each of the individual's first two years of post-secondary education. If the individual is a part-time student, "qualified tuition and fees" includes tuition and fees paid for the academic equivalent of the first two years of post-secondary education during a maximum of five taxable years, not exceeding a total of five thousand dollars. "Qualified tuition and fees" does not include:

(a) Expenses for any course or activity involving sports, games, or hobbies unless the course or activity is part of the individual's degree or diploma program;

(b) The cost of books, room and board, student activity fees, athletic fees, insurance expenses, or other expenses unrelated to the individual's academic course of instruction;

(c) Tuition, fees, or other expenses paid or reimbursed through an employer, scholarship, grant in aid, or other educational benefit program.

(BB)(1) "Modified business income" means the business income included in a trust's Ohio taxable income after such taxable income is first reduced by the qualifying trust amount, if any.

(2) "Qualifying trust amount" of a trust means capital gains and losses from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of equity or ownership interests in, or debt obligations of, a qualifying investee to the extent included in the trust's Ohio taxable income, but only if the following requirements are satisfied:

(a) The book value of the qualifying investee's physical assets in this state and everywhere, as of the last day of the qualifying investee's fiscal or calendar year ending immediately prior to the date on which the trust recognizes the gain or loss, is available to the trust.

(b) The requirements of section 5747.011 of the Revised Code are satisfied for the trust's taxable year in which the trust recognizes the gain or loss.

Any gain or loss that is not a qualifying trust amount is modified business income, qualifying investment income, or modified nonbusiness income, as the case may be.

(3) "Modified nonbusiness income" means a trust's Ohio taxable income other than modified business income, other than the qualifying trust amount, and other than qualifying investment income, as defined in section 5747.012 of the Revised Code, to the extent such qualifying investment income is not otherwise part of modified business income.

(4) "Modified Ohio taxable income" applies only to trusts, and means the sum of the amounts described in divisions (BB)(4)(a) to (c) of this section:

(a) The fraction, calculated under section 5747.013, and applying section 5747.231 of the Revised Code, multiplied by the sum of the following amounts:

(i) The trust's modified business income;

(ii) The trust's qualifying investment income, as defined in section 5747.012 of the Revised Code, but only to the extent the qualifying investment income does not otherwise constitute modified business income and does not otherwise constitute a qualifying trust amount.

(b) The qualifying trust amount multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the sum of the book value of the qualifying investee's physical assets in this state on the last day of the qualifying investee's fiscal or calendar year ending immediately prior to the day on which the trust recognizes the qualifying trust amount, and the denominator of which is the sum of the book value of the qualifying investee's total physical assets everywhere on the last day of the qualifying investee's fiscal or calendar year ending immediately prior to the day on which the trust recognizes the qualifying trust amount. If, for a taxable year, the trust recognizes a qualifying trust amount with respect to more than one qualifying investee, the amount described in division (BB)(4)(b) of this section shall equal the sum of the products so computed for each such qualifying investee.

(c)(i) With respect to a trust or portion of a trust that is a resident as ascertained in accordance with division (I)(3)(d) of this section, its modified nonbusiness income.

(ii) With respect to a trust or portion of a trust that is not a resident as ascertained in accordance with division (I)(3)(d) of this section, the amount of its modified nonbusiness income satisfying the descriptions in divisions (B)(2) to (5) of section 5747.20 of the Revised Code, except as otherwise provided in division (BB)(4)(c)(ii) of this section. With respect to a trust or portion of a trust that is not a resident as ascertained in accordance with division (I)(3)(d) of this section, the trust's portion of modified nonbusiness income recognized from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of a debt interest in or equity interest in a section 5747.212 entity, as defined in section 5747.212 of the Revised Code, without regard to division (A) of that section, shall not be allocated to this state in accordance with section 5747.20 of the Revised Code but shall be apportioned to this state in accordance with division (B) of section 5747.212 of the Revised Code without regard to division (A) of that section.

If the allocation and apportionment of a trust's income under divisions (BB)(4)(a) and (c) of this section do not fairly represent the modified Ohio taxable income of the trust in this state, the alternative methods described in division (C) of section 5747.21 of the Revised Code may be applied in the manner and to the same extent provided in that section.

(5)(a) Except as set forth in division (BB)(5)(b) of this section, "qualifying investee" means a person in which a trust has an equity or ownership interest, or a person or unit of government the debt obligations of either of which are owned by a trust. For the purposes of division (BB)(2)(a) of this section and for the purpose of computing the fraction described in division (BB)(4)(b) of this section, all of the following apply:

(i) If the qualifying investee is a member of a qualifying controlled group on the last day of the qualifying investee's fiscal or calendar year ending immediately prior to the date on which the trust recognizes the gain or loss, then "qualifying investee" includes all persons in the qualifying controlled group on such last day.

(ii) If the qualifying investee, or if the qualifying investee and any members of the qualifying controlled group of which the qualifying investee is a member on the last day of the qualifying investee's fiscal or calendar year ending immediately prior to the date on which the trust recognizes the gain or loss, separately or cumulatively own, directly or indirectly, on the last day of the qualifying investee's fiscal or calendar year ending immediately prior to the date on which the trust recognizes the qualifying trust amount, more than fifty per cent of the equity of a pass-through entity, then the qualifying investee and the other members are deemed to own the proportionate share of the pass-through entity's physical assets which the pass-through entity directly or indirectly owns on the last day of the pass-through entity's calendar or fiscal year ending within or with the last day of the qualifying investee's fiscal or calendar year ending immediately prior to the date on which the trust recognizes the qualifying trust amount.

(iii) For the purposes of division (BB)(5)(a)(iii) of this section, "upper level pass-through entity" means a pass-through entity directly or indirectly owning any equity of another pass-through entity, and "lower level pass-through entity" means that other pass-through entity.

An upper level pass-through entity, whether or not it is also a qualifying investee, is deemed to own, on the last day of the upper level pass-through entity's calendar or fiscal year, the proportionate share of the lower level pass-through entity's physical assets that the lower level pass-through entity directly or indirectly owns on the last day of the lower level pass-through entity's calendar or fiscal year ending within or with the last day of the upper level pass-through entity's fiscal or calendar year. If the upper level pass-through entity directly and indirectly owns less than fifty per cent of the equity of the lower level pass-through entity on each day of the upper level pass-through entity's calendar or fiscal year in which or with which ends the calendar or fiscal year of the lower level pass-through entity and if, based upon clear and convincing evidence, complete information about the location and cost of the physical assets of the lower pass-through entity is not available to the upper level pass-through entity, then solely for purposes of ascertaining if a gain or loss constitutes a qualifying trust amount, the upper level pass-through entity shall be deemed as owning no equity of the lower level pass-through entity for each day during the upper level pass-through entity's calendar or fiscal year in which or with which ends the lower level pass-through entity's calendar or fiscal year. Nothing in division (BB)(5)(a)(iii) of this section shall be construed to provide for any deduction or exclusion in computing any trust's Ohio taxable income.

(b) With respect to a trust that is not a resident for the taxable year and with respect to a part of a trust that is not a resident for the taxable year, "qualifying investee" for that taxable year does not include a C corporation if both of the following apply:

(i) During the taxable year the trust or part of the trust recognizes a gain or loss from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of equity or ownership interests in, or debt obligations of, the C corporation.

(ii) Such gain or loss constitutes nonbusiness income.

(6) "Available" means information is such that a person is able to learn of the information by the due date plus extensions, if any, for filing the return for the taxable year in which the trust recognizes the gain or loss.

(CC) "Qualifying controlled group" has the same meaning as in section 5733.04 of the Revised Code.

(DD) "Related member" has the same meaning as in section 5733.042 of the Revised Code.

(EE)(1) For the purposes of division (EE) of this section:

(a) "Qualifying person" means any person other than a qualifying corporation.

(b) "Qualifying corporation" means any person classified for federal income tax purposes as an association taxable as a corporation, except either of the following:

(i) A corporation that has made an election under subchapter S, chapter one, subtitle A, of the Internal Revenue Code for its taxable year ending within, or on the last day of, the investor's taxable year;

(ii) A subsidiary that is wholly owned by any corporation that has made an election under subchapter S, chapter one, subtitle A of the Internal Revenue Code for its taxable year ending within, or on the last day of, the investor's taxable year.

(2) For the purposes of this chapter, unless expressly stated otherwise, no qualifying person indirectly owns any asset directly or indirectly owned by any qualifying corporation.

(FF) For purposes of this chapter and Chapter 5751. of the Revised Code:

(1) "Trust" does not include a qualified pre-income tax trust.

(2) A "qualified pre-income tax trust" is any pre-income tax trust that makes a qualifying pre-income tax trust election as described in division (FF)(3) of this section.

(3) A "qualifying pre-income tax trust election" is an election by a pre-income tax trust to subject to the tax imposed by section 5751.02 of the Revised Code the pre-income tax trust and all pass-through entities of which the trust owns or controls, directly, indirectly, or constructively through related interests, five per cent or more of the ownership or equity interests. The trustee shall notify the tax commissioner in writing of the election on or before April 15, 2006. The election, if timely made, shall be effective on and after January 1, 2006, and shall apply for all tax periods and tax years until revoked by the trustee of the trust.

(4) A "pre-income tax trust" is a trust that satisfies all of the following requirements:

(a) The document or instrument creating the trust was executed by the grantor before January 1, 1972;

(b) The trust became irrevocable upon the creation of the trust; and

(c) The grantor was domiciled in this state at the time the trust was created.

(GG) "Uniformed services" has the same meaning as in 10 U.S.C. 101.

(HH) "Taxable business income" means the amount by which an individual's business income that is included in federal adjusted gross income exceeds the amount of business income the individual is authorized to deduct under division (A)(31) of this section for the taxable year.

Sec. 5747.70. (A) In computing Ohio adjusted gross income, a deduction from federal adjusted gross income is allowed to a contributor for the amount contributed during the taxable year to a variable college savings program account and to a purchaser of tuition units under the Ohio college savings program created by Chapter 3334. of the Revised Code to the extent that the amounts of such contributions and purchases were not deducted in determining the contributor's or purchaser's federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year. The combined amount of contributions and purchases deducted in any taxable year by a taxpayer or the taxpayer and the taxpayer's spouse, regardless of whether the taxpayer and the taxpayer's spouse file separate returns or a joint return, is limited to four thousand dollars for each beneficiary for whom contributions or purchases are made. If the combined annual contributions and purchases for a beneficiary exceed four thousand dollars, the excess may be carried forward and deducted in future taxable years until the contributions and purchases have been fully deducted.

(B) In computing Ohio adjusted gross income, a deduction from federal adjusted gross income is allowed for:

(1) Income related to tuition units and contributions that as of the end of the taxable year have not been refunded pursuant to the termination of a tuition payment contract or variable college savings program account under section 3334.10 of the Revised Code, to the extent that such income is included in federal adjusted gross income.

(2) The excess of the total purchase price of tuition units refunded during the taxable year pursuant to the termination of a tuition payment contract under section 3334.10 of the Revised Code over the amount of the refund, to the extent the amount of the excess was not deducted in determining federal adjusted gross income. Division (B)(2) of this section applies only to units for which no deduction was allowable under division (A) of this section.

(C) In computing Ohio adjusted gross income, there shall be added to federal adjusted gross income the amount of loss related to tuition units and contributions that as of the end of the taxable year have not been refunded pursuant to the termination of a tuition payment contract or variable college savings program account under section 3334.10 of the Revised Code, to the extent that such loss was deducted in determining federal adjusted gross income.

(D) For taxable years in which distributions or refunds are made under a tuition payment or variable college savings program contract for any reason other than payment of tuition or other higher education expenses, or the beneficiary's death, disability, or receipt of a scholarship as described in section 3334.10 of the Revised Code:

(1) If the distribution or refund is paid to the purchaser or contributor or beneficiary, any portion of the distribution or refund not included in the recipient's federal adjusted gross income shall be added to the recipient's federal adjusted gross income in determining the recipient's Ohio adjusted gross income, except that the amount added shall not exceed amounts previously deducted under division (A) of this section less any amounts added under division (D)(1) of this section in a prior taxable year.

(2) If amounts paid by a purchaser or contributor on or after January 1, 2000, are distributed or refunded to someone other than the purchaser or contributor or beneficiary, the amount of the payment not included in the recipient's federal adjusted gross income, less any amounts added under division (D) of this section in a prior taxable year, shall be added to the recipient's federal adjusted gross income in determining the recipient's Ohio adjusted gross income.

Section 2. That existing sections 3334.01, 3334.02, 3334.08, 3334.09, 3334.18, 3334.19, 3334.20, 5701.11, 5747.01, and 5747.70 of the Revised Code are hereby repealed.

Section 3. This act is hereby declared to be an emergency measure necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, and safety. The reason for such necessity is to enable taxpayers to avoid making miscellaneous adjustments on their 2017 tax returns that increase costs of compliance. Therefore, this act shall go into immediate effect.